Ação Antitumoral do Canabidiol

Abstract

Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in the various pharmacological properties of Cannabis sativa. This plant is composed of different substances with distinct therapeutic potentials, with Cannabidiol (CBD) and Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) being the most studied. Among the therapeutic properties of CBD, its antitumor action in vitro and in vivo in some neoplasms stands out. The present study aimed to conduct a literature review on the antitumor potential of CBD covering the period from 2004 to 2024, using the PUBMED database with the descriptors “CBD and Cancer and Treatment.” A total of 127 articles were selected, which, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulted in 40 articles. The results of the analysed studies demonstrated that CBD is capable of inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, inhibiting angiogenesis, reducing metastatic potential, and causing changes in the mitochondrial membrane. Additionally, the antitumor effect of CBD in vitro was observed in lung, breast, ovarian, glioma, gastric, and prostate cancer cell lines. Based on the consulted literature, it is concluded that, although more studies are needed, CBD presents therapeutic potential as an antitumor adjuvant, in combination with already established chemotherapy protocols, as well as benefits for cancer patients, such as analgesic and antiemetic effects, among others.